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Physics and 21st Century Science Standards: The Role of Physics in the NGSS
HS-PS1-8
HS-PS2-1
HS-PS2-2
HS-PS2-3
HS-PS3-1
HS-PS3-2
HS-PS3-3
HS-PS3-4
MS-PS1-4
MS-PS2-1
MS-PS2-2
MS-PS3-5
KS-PS2-2
3-PS2-1
4-PS3-1
Structures and
Properties of Matter
Forces and Interactions
Energy
Waves
Kindergarten 3
rd
4
th
Middle School High School
Investigate
pushes and pulls.
Investigate effect
of balanced and
unbalanced
forces on motion.
Explain how
speed of an
object is related
to energy.
Describe relationship
between particle
motion, temperature,
and energy.
Apply Newton’s
3
rd
law to design a
solution involving
2-object motion
Plan investigation
to see how
motion depends
upon the sum of
the forces and the
object’s mass.
Construct argument
that kinetic energy
change is a
transformation or
transfer of energy.
Model energy changes in nuclear reactions.
Analyze data to support relationship
between net force, mass, and acceleration.
Support the conservation of momentum
principle.
Evaluate and refine a device that minimizes
the force on an object during a collision.
Model the transfers and transformations of
energy in a system.
Model energy as a result of motion and
position.
Design a device to convert energy from one
form into another.
Investigate energy distributions when two
components of different temperatures are
combined.